Malaria Prevention

Malaria is a potentially fatal mosquito borne parasitic infection that affects millions worldwide. It is spread by infected female mosquitoes which bite the host humans. Malaria cannot be spread from human to human. Areas of the world where malaria is most prevalent are tropical and subtropical regions especially sub-Saharan Africa. Prevention of malaria requires a comprehensive multi-faceted approach combining preventative medicines, personal protection measures, and environmental strategies.

Antimalarial medication is the main form of prevention for travellers to high risk regions. There are various antimalarial drugs available, including atovaquone-proguanil (Malarone), doxycycline, mefloquine, and chloroquine in limited areas. Frequency of administration and how early treatment has to be started varies with some requiring initiation days or weeks before travel and continuation for weeks after returning. Treatment selection is mainly dictated by local resistance patterns as well as duration of stay and personal medical history.

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